Preeclampsia is a condition that typically occurs in the second half of pregnancy, usually after the 20th week, and is characterized by high blood pressure (hypertension) accompanied by organ damage. Preeclampsia can affect the mother’s kidneys, liver, blood vessels, and other organs. If left untreated, it can lead to severe complications, and in some cases, it can be life-threatening.
Symptoms of preeclampsia may include:
High Blood Pressure: Blood pressure readings of 140/90 mm Hg or higher.
Proteinuria: Presence of protein in the urine, indicating possible kidney involvement.
Edema (Especially in the Feet and Legs): Sudden weight gain and swelling should be monitored.
Severe Headache: Persistent and intense headaches.
Vision Problems: Seeing flashes, lights, or experiencing double vision.
Upper Abdominal Pain: Severe pain in the abdominal area, especially in the upper part.
Liver Dysfunction: Abnormal results in liver function tests.
Decreased Platelet Count: A decrease in the number of blood clotting cells.
The exact cause of preeclampsia is unknown, but some risk factors may include:
First-time pregnancies.
Carrying twins or more.
Women aged 35 or older or 19 or younger.
Obesity.
History of previous preeclampsia.
Pre-existing medical conditions such as high blood pressure, kidney, or liver diseases.
When preeclampsia is diagnosed, treatment and monitoring usually involve ending the pregnancy, as preeclampsia typically resolves after delivery. However, if the pregnancy is in its early stages and the baby is not yet viable, doctors will determine the treatment plan based on the situation. Regular prenatal check-ups and blood pressure monitoring during pregnancy are essential to monitor the risk of preeclampsia and make an early diagnosis.
